Nodular dermatitis the problem of modern veterinary medicine

Abstract

The article deals with the issue of the origin and distribution of contagious nodular dermatitis in the countries of the world. On the basis of modern information about the disease, the degree of danger of nodular dermatitis for cattle breeding in Ukraine is established. The measures that are taken to prevent the introduction of a pathogen into the territory of the state, diagnostic methods, modern means for monitoring studies and existing means of specific prevention are considered. Infectious nodular dermatitis is widespread in the African continent and as an emergent infection spreads among the cattle of European countries, approaching from the west and east to the borders of Ukraine. Outbreaks of infectious nodular dermatitis lead to significant economic losses among livestock farms that are engaged in breeding cattle, as a result of animal death or slaughter, loss of productivity, skin damage, abortion, infertility, restrictions on movement of livestock and trade. Approaching by distance of less than 50 km to the border is considered over critical, so Ukraine should have a vaccine reserve, for creating a buffer zone. Requirements for the buffer zone of the country, which has the status free from nodular dermatitis without vaccination, is the presence of the register of all animals to which the vaccine will be introduced, which will allow the immunity to be formed and the animal does not be taken ill in the presence of a pathogenic agent. And although we will lose the status of the country free from nodular dermatitis without vaccination, but there will be no outbreak of the disease and it will remain free of nodular dermatitis, however with mandatory vaccination. If at least one outbreak is registered with characteristic clinical signs, we lose the last status and begin to vaccinate animals in total, in order to preserve cattle on the territory of Ukraine. In Ukraine, which is free from nodular dermatitis, laboratory monitoring of the disease and control of vectors are constantly carried out; the means of express diagnostics have been developed, the instruction for the prevention and control of the disease has been approved. To prevent the introduction of an infectious agent into the territory of the state, special attention should be paid to the sanitary-transport control and preventive effect on animals and livestock buildings against external parasites, which are the vectors of the pathogen of infection.